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| CHARTERING ABBREVIATIONS - TERMS & DEFINITIONS |
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| Abbreviations |
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| An abbreviation (from Latin brevis, meaning “short”) is a shortened form of a word or phrase. Usually, but not always, it consists of a letter or group of letters taken from the word or phrase. For example, the word abbreviation can itself be represented by the abbreviation abbr. or abbrev. Before the e-mail, telex was the usual way of communication between ships and people/offices onshore. The cost of sending a telex was based on number of words in the message. In an effort to lower these cost, many abbreviations were introduced. |
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| Abbreviation | Meaning |
| A |
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| A/H | Anchor Handling |
| A/S | AlongSide |
| AA | Always Afloat |
| AA | Always Afloat |
| AAAA | Always Afloat Always Accessible |
| AAAA | Always Accessible Always Afloat |
| AAPA | the American Association of Port Authorities |
| AARA | Amsterdam-Antwerpen-Rotterdam Area |
| AARA | Amsterdam-Antwerp-Rotterdam Area |
| ABS | American Bureau of Shipping |
| ABT | About |
| ADCOM | Address Commission |
| AFFREIGHTMENT | The hiring of a ship in whole or part |
| AFSPS | Arrival First Sea Pilot Station |
| AFT | At or towards the stern or rear of a ship |
| AGW | All Going Well |
| AHL | Australian Hold Ladders |
| AHT | AnchorHandling Tug |
| ALU | ALUminium |
| ANTHAM | Antwerp - Hamburg Range |
| APS | Arrival Pilot Station |
| ARAG | Amsterdam-Rotterdam--Antwerp-Ghent Range |
| ASPW | Any Safe Port in the World |
| ATDNSHINC | Any Time Day or Night Sundays and Holidays Included |
| ATUTC | Actual Times Used to Count |
| B |
| B | Bale (cargo capacity) |
| B S S 1/1 | Basis 1 port to 1 port |
| B/N | Booking Note |
| BAF | Bunker Adjustment Factor. A Fuel Surcharge expressed as a percentage added or subtracted from the freight amount reflecting the movement in the market place price for bunkers. |
| BALLAST | Heavy weight, often sea water, necessary for the stability and safety of a ship which is not carrying cargo. |
| Bb | Bareboat |
| BBB | Before Breaking Bulk |
| BDI | Both Dates Inclusive |
| BE | Both Ends ( Load and discharge ports) |
| BEAM | The maximum breadth of a ship |
| BEG | BEGinning |
| BENDS | Both Ends (Load & Discharge Ports) |
| BHP | Brake Horse Power |
| BI | Both Inclusive |
| BIMCO | The Baltic and International Maritime Council |
| BL (1) | Bale |
| BL (2) | (Bill of Lading) A document signed by the carrier which acts as a receipt and evidence of title to the cargo. |
| BM | Beam |
| BMM | British Marine Mutual |
| BOB | Bunker On Board |
| BOFFER | Best Offer |
| Box | everyday term for container (or boxed vessel) |
| Br | Breadth |
| Br.ld. | Break load |
| BRGDS | Best Regards |
| BROB | Bunkers Remaining On Board |
| BRT / BRZ | Gross tonnage || German previously used for GT - Gross Tonnage as BRT - Brutto Register Tonne or BRZ - Brutto Raumzahl equally Gross tonnage |
| BSS | Basis |
| BSS 1/1 | Basis 1 Port to 1 Port |
| BT | Berth Terms |
| BUNDLING | This is the assembly of pieces of cargo, secured into one manageable unit. This is a very flexible description, a rule of thumb is to present cargo at a size easily handled by a large (20 tonne) fork lift truck. |
| BUNKERS | Name given for vessels Fuel and Diesel Oil supplies (Originates from coal bunkers) |
| BV | Bureau Veritas |
| BWAD | Brackish Water Arrival Draft |
| BWTS | Ballast Water Treatment System |
| C |
| C/C | sshinC/sshinC |
| C/P | CharterParty |
| C/X | sshinC / ssheX |
| CAF | Currency adjusting factor (freight) |
| CAP | Condition Assessment Programme |
| Cap | Capacity |
| CBFT (or CFT) | Cubic Feet |
| CBM | Cubic Meter |
| Ce Ta | Center Tank |
| CFR (or C&F) | Cost and Freight |
| CFT | Cubic FeeT |
| Chem | Chemical |
| CHOPT | Charterers Option |
| CHTRS | Charterers |
| CIF | Cost, Insurance & Freight. Seller pays all these costs to a nominated port or place of discharge. |
| CIP | Carriage and Insurance paid to….. |
| CIRR | Commercial Interest Reference Rate |
| CLC | Civil Liability Convention |
| COA | Contract of Affreightment - Owners agree to accept a cost per revenue ton for cargo carried on a specificnumber of voyages. |
| COACP | Contract Of Affreightment Charter Party |
| COB | Close of Business |
| COBLDN | Closing Of Business London time |
| COD | Cash On Delivery |
| COGSA | Carriage of Goods by Sea Act |
| CONS | Consumption |
| CONT | CONTainer |
| COP | Custom Of Port |
| COW | Crude Oil Washing |
| CP (or C/P) | Charter Party |
| CPD | Charterers Pay Dues |
| CPT | Carriage Paid To |
| CQD | Customary Quick Despatch |
| CR | Current Rate |
| Cr | Crane |
| CRN | Crane |
| CROB | Cargo Remaining on Board |
| CST | CentiSToke |
| CTM | Cash To Master || the Port Agents delivers cash to the master of a ship on arrival. E.g. to pay cash to crew. |
| CTR | Container Fitted |
| CUFT | CUbicFeeT |
| Cy | Cylinders |
| D |
| D/A | Disbursement Account |
| DAF | Delivered At Frontier |
| DAP | Days All Purposes (Total days for loading and disch.) |
| DAPS | Days all Purposes (Total days for loading & discharging) |
| Dbl | Double |
| DBL SKIN | DouBLe SKINned |
| DC | Discharge Capacity |
| DD | Dry Dock |
| DDP | Delivered Duty Paid. |
| DDP/(U) | Delivered Duty Paid (Unpaid) |
| DDU | Delivered Duty unpaid. |
| DELY | DELiverY |
| DEM | Demurrage |
| DEQ | Delivered Ex Quay |
| DES | Delivered Ex Ship |
| DESP | DESPatch |
| DET | Detention |
| DHDATSBE | Despatch Half Demurrage on Actual Time Saved Both Ends |
| DHDWTSBE | Detpatch Half Demurrage on Working Time Saved Both Ends |
| DISCH | Discharge |
| DK | Deck |
| DLOSP | Dropping Last Outwards Sea Pilot |
| DNRSAOCLONL | Discountless and Non-Returnable Ship and/or Cargo Lost or Not Lost |
| DNV-GL | Det Norske Veritas - Germanischer Lloyd |
| DO | Diesel Oil |
| DOLSP | Dropping Off Last Sea Pilot |
| DOLSP | Dropping Off Last Sea Pilot (Norway) |
| DOP | Dropping Outward Pilot |
| DOT | Department Of Transport |
| DP | Dynamic Positioning |
| DPT | DePTh |
| DRAFT | The ships draft - Depth to which a ship is immersed in water. The depth varies according to the design of the ship and will be greater or lesser depending not only on the weight of the ship and everything on board, but also on the density of the water in which the ship is lying. |
| DRK | Derrick |
| DSV | Diving System |
| DUNNAGE | Materials of various types, often timber or matting, placed among the cargo for separation, and hence protection from damage, for ventilation and, in the case of certain cargoes, to provide space in which the forks of a lift truck may be inserted. |
| DWAT (or DWT) | Deadweight. Weight of cargo, stores and water, i.e. the difference between lightship and loaded displacement. |
| DYNPOS | Dynamic Positioning |
| E |
| E0 | Unattended engine room |
| EC | East Coast |
| EIU | Even If Used. |
| EIU | Even if Used |
| ELVENT | Electric Ventilation |
| ETA | Estimated Time of Arrival |
| ETC | Estimated Time of Completion |
| ETD | Expected Time of Departure |
| Eth | Ethylene |
| ETS | Estimated Time of Sailing |
| EXCL | EXCLusive |
| EXW | EX Works |
| F |
| F.DESP (FD) | Free DESPatch |
| F.DIS | Free DIScharge |
| F/N | Fixing Note |
| FA | Free Alongside |
| FAC | Fast As Can |
| FAS | Free Alongside Ship. Seller delivers goods to appropriate dock or terminal at port of embarkation and buyer covers costs and risks of loading. |
| FCA | Free CArrier |
| FD | Free of Despatch |
| FDD | Freight Demurrage Deadfreight |
| FDEDANRSAOCLONL | Freight Deemed Earned Discountless & Non-Refundable Ship and Or Cargo Lost Or Not Lost |
| FDIS | Free Discharge |
| FEU | Forty foot container equivalency unit - Standard 40' Container |
| FHEX | Fridays/Holidays Excluded |
| FHINC | Fridays/Holidays Included |
| FiFI | Fire Fighting |
| FILO | Free In/Liner Out. Seafreight with which the shipper pays load costs and the carrier pays for discharge costs. |
| FIO | Free In/Out. Freight booked FIO includes the seafreight,but no loading/discharging costs, i.e. the charterer pays for cost of loading and discharging cargo. |
| FIOS | Free In/Out Stowed. As per FIO, but includes stowage costs. |
| FIOSLSD | Free In/Out Stowed, Lashed, Secured and Dunnaged. As per FIO,but includes cost of lashing securing and dunnaging cargo to Masters satisfaction. |
| FIOST | Free In/Out and Trimmed. Charterer pays for cost of loading/discharging cargo, including stowage and trimming. |
| FIOT | Free In/Out and Trimmed. As per FIOS but includes trimming - the leveling of bulk cargoes |
| FIT | Free In Trimmed |
| FIW | Free in Wagon |
| FIXING | Chartering a Vessel |
| FLT | Full Liner Terms - Shipowner pays to load and discharge the cargo |
| FM | FroM |
| FMC | Federal Maritime Commission - US government agency |
| FMS | Fathoms - 6 feet |
| FO | For Orders |
| FO (IFO) | FuelOil/Intermediate FO |
| FOB | Free on Board. Seller sees the goods "over the ship's rail" on to the ship which is arranged and paid for by the buyer |
| FOFFER | Firm Offer |
| FOG | For Our Guidance |
| FOQ | Free On Quay |
| FOR | Free On Rail |
| FORCE MAJEURE | Clause limiting responsibilities of the charterers, shippers and receivers due to events beyond their control. |
| FOT | Free On Truck |
| FOW (1) | First Open Water |
| FOW (2) | Free On Wharf |
| FPSO | Floating Production Storage and Offloading unit |
| Fr. wa. | Fresh water |
| Free Ex Ins | FREE of any EXtra INSurance (Owners) |
| FREE OUT | Free of discharge costs to Owners |
| FTD | FiTted |
| FWAD | Fresh water Arrival Draft |
| FWDD | Fresh Water Departure Draft |
| FYG | For Your Guidance |
| FYI | For Your Information |
| G | Grain (cargo capacity) |
| G |
| GA | General Average |
| GASBEND | Good And Safe (Port) Both ENDs |
| GD/GD | GDynia/GDansk |
| GENS | GENeralS or general cargo |
| GEOROT | GEOgraphical ROTation |
| GLESS | GearLESS |
| GLS | Gearless |
| GMDSS | Global Maritime Distress Safety System |
| GMT | Greenwich Mean Time or United Kingdom time zone |
| GN (or GR) | Grain (capacity) |
| GNCN | Gencon - a standard BIMCO charter party form |
| GNS | German North Sea |
| GO | Gas Oil |
| GR | Grain |
| GRD | Geared |
| GRT | Gross Registered Tonnage |
| GSB | Good Safe Berth |
| GSP | Good Safe Port |
| GTEE | Guarantee |
| H |
| HA | HAtch |
| HBF | Harmless Bulk Fertilizer |
| HDLTSBENDS | Half Despatch Lay Time Saved Both Ends |
| HDWTS | Half Demurrage Weather Time Saved |
| HDWTS | Half Despatch Working Time Saved |
| HELDK | HELicopter DecK |
| HHDW | Handy Heavy d.w. (scrap) |
| HMS | Heavy Metal Scraps |
| HO | Cargo HOld |
| HR | HouR |
| HRS | HouRS |
| HV | HeaVy |
| HVFL | HeaVy Fuel |
| HW | High Water |
| I |
| I.W.L. | Institute Warranty Limits |
| IFO | Intermediate Fuel Oil |
| IMDG | International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code |
| IMO | International Maritime Organisation |
| IND | Indication |
| INTERMODAL | Carriage of a commodity by different modes of transport, i.e. sea, road, rail and air within a single journey. |
| ISM(C) | International Safety Management Code |
| ITF | International Transport Federation - international body that regulates crewing of ships |
| IU | If Used |
| IUATUTC | If Used, Actual Time Used To Count |
| IUHATUTC | If Used, Half Actual Time Used To Count |
| IWL | Institute Warranty Limits |
| KMC | cargo refrigerating system |
| KN | Knots | Speed per hour |
| KTM | Keel To top of Mast |
| KNTS | Knots / speed per hour |
| L |
| L.S. | LumpSum. |
| L.T. | Liner Terms |
| LANE METER | A method of measuring the space capacity of Ro/Ro ships whereby each unit of space (Linear Meter) is represented width. |
| LASH | Light Aboard SHip |
| LASH (1) | To hold goods in position by use of Ropes, Wires, Chains or Straps etc. |
| LASH (2) | Lighter Aboard Ship - a vessel that loads small barges direct from the water |
| LAT | LATitude |
| LAYCAN | LAYday CANcelling date |
| LC | Loading Capacity |
| LCR | Lowest Current Rate |
| LDN | LaDeN |
| LGT | LenGThened |
| LNG | Liquefied Natural Gas |
| Lo Ho | Lower Hold |
| LOA | Length Overall of the vessel |
| LOF | Lloyd’s Open Form |
| LOI | Letter Of Indemnity. |
| LOI | Letter of Intent \ Precontractual stage |
| LOLO | Lift On Lift Off ship |
| LOW | Last Open Water |
| LPG | Liquefied Petroleum Gas |
| LPS | LumPSum |
| LR1 Tanker | Long Range Tanker | abt dwt 55,000 to abt dwt 79,999 |
| LR2 Tanker | Long Range Tanker | abt dwt 80,000 to abt dwt 159,999 |
| LR Tanker | Long Range Tanker | abt dwt 55,000 to abt dwt 159,999 |
| LR | Lloyds Register of Shipping |
| LR | Large Range |
| LS (or LUMPS) | Lumpsum |
| LSD | Lashed Secured Dunnaged |
| LT | Liner Terms |
| LT (LTONS) | Long TONS. |
| LW | Low Water |
| LYCN | Laycan (Layday Cancelling Date) |
| M |
| m/r | Mates receipt |
| MR1 Tanker | Medium Range Tanker | abt dwt 30,000 to abt dwt 44,999 |
| MR2 Tanker | Medium Range Tanker | abt dwt 45,000 to abt dwt 54,999 |
| MR Tanker | Medium Range Tanker | abt dwt 30,000 to abt dwt 54,999 |
| M/V | Motor Vessel |
| M/T | Motor Tanker |
| MB | Merchant Broker |
| MDO (DO) | Marine Diesel Oil |
| MDWT | Metric DeadWeight tons |
| MIN/MAX | Minimum/Maximum (cargo quantity) |
| MO | Managing Owner |
| MODU | Mobile Offshore Drilling Units |
| MOLCHOP | More Or Less CHarterers OPtion |
| MOLCHOPT | More or Less Charterers Option |
| MOLOO | More Or Less Owners (Masters) Option |
| MON | MONitors (fire) |
| MOT | Ministry Of Transpory |
| MOT | Monthly OverTime |
| MR | Medium Range |
| MT | Metric Tonne (i.e. 1,000 kilos / 2204.6lbs) |
| MTONS | Metric Tonnes |
| N |
| n.E. | not East of |
| n.N. | not North of |
| n.S | not South of |
| n.W | not West of |
| NAABSA | Not Always Afloat But Safely Aground |
| NCB | National Cargo Bureau |
| NCS | Norwegian Continental Shelf |
| NESTING | Implies that cargo is presented stacked in the contour of similarly shaped cargo, it may be likened to a stack of plates. |
| NIS | Norwegian International Shipsregister |
| NK | Nippon Kaiji Kyokai |
| NMD | Norwegian Maritime Directorate |
| NOKUS – company | NOrsk Kontrollert Utenlandsk Selskap - Norwegian controlled foreign company in lowtax country |
| NON-REVERSIBLE (Detention) | If loading completed sooner than expected, then saved days will not be added to discharge time allowed. |
| NOR | Notice Of Readiness |
| NRT | Net Registered Tonnage |
| NYPE | New York Produce Exchange |
| O |
| o.a. | Over All |
| OA | Over Aged |
| OBO | Oil Bulk Ore |
| OILREC | OIL RECovery |
| ONW | ONWards |
| OO | Owners Option |
| OP | OPerator |
| OPA 90 | The US Oil Pollution Act of 1990 |
| OSH | Open SHelter deck |
| OT | On Truck |
| OW | OWners |
| OWS | Owners |
| P |
| P & I | Protection & Indemnity |
| P.P. | PerPendicular |
| P/E | Purchase Enquiry |
| PASTUS | Past Us |
| Pax | Passenger Vessel |
| PC | Period of Charter |
| PCGO | Part Cargo |
| PCT | Percent |
| PDPR | Per Day Pro Rata |
| PERDIEM | Per Diem - By the Day |
| PGH | Per Geard Hatch |
| PHPD | Per Hatch Per Day |
| POT (able) | POTable water |
| PPT | PromPT |
| PRATIQUE | License or permission to use a port |
| PSV | Plattform Supply Vessel |
| PU | PUmps |
| PWH | Per Workable Hatch |
| PWWD | Per Weather Working day |
| R |
| RCVR | Receivers |
| REEF | Refrigerated |
| REVERSIBLE (Detention) | If loading completed sooner than expected at load port, then days saved can be added to discharge operations. |
| RGDS | Regards |
| RGE | Range |
| RNR | Rate Not Reported |
| ROB | Remaining On Board |
| ROC | Reference Our Cable….(date) |
| RORO | Roll On Roll Off ship |
| ROTLX | Reference Our TeLeX …(date) |
| RPM | Revs. Per Minute |
| RT | Revenue Tonne || (i.e. 1.0 metric Tonne or 1.0 cubic meter, whichever greater). The overall RT is calculated on a line by line basis of the Packing List using the largest amount. The overall freight liability is calculated on the total RT amount, multiplied by the freight rate. |
| RYC | Reference Your Cable…(date) |
| RYTLX | Reference Your TeLeX…(date) |
| S |
| 2H | Second Half |
| S&P | Sales and Purchase of Ships |
| S.THR. | Side Thruster |
| S/R B/L | Signing and Releasing Bill(s) of Lading |
| SATPM | Saturday P.M. |
| SATSHEX | SATurdays, Sundays, Holidays Excepted |
| SATSHINC | SATurdays, Sundays, Holidays INCluded |
| SB | Safe Berth |
| SBM | Soya Bean Meal |
| SBS | Safe Berth |
| SBT | Segregated Ballast Tanks |
| SD (or SID) | Single Decker |
| SEAFREIGHT | Costs charged for transporting goods over the sea. This does not cover any haulage or loading/discharging costs but the sea transport only. |
| SELFD | Self Discharging |
| SELFDISCH | SelfDischarger |
| SF | Superficial Feet |
| SF | Stowage factor. Cubic space occupied by one ton (2,240 lbs/1,000 kgs) of cargo. |
| SHEX | Sundays, Holidays EXcepted |
| SHEX | Sundays/Holidays Excluded |
| SHINC | Sundays/Holidays Included |
| SID | Single Deck |
| SKIDS | Are bearers (timber or steel) positioned under cargo to enable fork lift handling at port, and for ease of rigging and lashing on board ship. |
| SL | Bale (capacity) |
| SLPTA | SLop TAnks |
| SOC | Shipper Owned Container |
| SOF | Statement Of Facts |
| SOM | Swedish Official Measure |
| SP | Safe Port |
| SPB | St. PetersBurg |
| SRBL | Signing and Releasing Bill of Lading |
| SS | Special Survey | Class |
| SS / DD | Special Survey and Dry Dock | Class |
| SS and C | Same Sea and Country coast |
| SSHEX | Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays EXcepted |
| SSHEX (or SATSHEX) | Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays Excluded |
| SSHINC | Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays INCluded |
| SSHINC (or SATSHINC) | Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays Included |
| ST | Short Tons. |
| STABILITY | It is paramount that a vessel is stable in all respects at all times. When cargo is loaded/discharged, the stability is monitored by a computer, which takes into vessel. |
| STARBOARD | Right side of a ship when facing the bow |
| STEM | Subject To Enough Merchandise |
| STEM | Subject To Enough Merchandise (Availability of Cargo) |
| STERN | The aft part of a ship |
| SUB | Subject (to) |
| SUPERCARGO | Person employed by a ship owner, shipping company, charterer of a ship or shipper of goods to supervise cargo handling operations. Often called a port captain. |
| SWAD | Salt Water Arrival Draft |
| SWDD | Salt Water Departure Draft |
| T |
| TA | TAnks |
| TBN | To Be Named |
| TBR | To Be Renamed |
| TC | Time Charter - Owners agree to hire a particular ship for a set length of time |
| TCP | Time Charter Party |
| TCT | Time Charter Trip |
| TEU | Twenty Foot Equivalency Unit - Standard 20' Container |
| THC | Terminal Handling Cost or Charges |
| THR | THRuster |
| TIP | Taking Inward Pilot |
| TL | Total Loss |
| TOBENA | To Be Named |
| TOP | Taking Outward Pilot |
| TS | TonS |
| TTL | ToTaL |
| TW | Tween Decker |
| U | Unless Sooner Commenced |
| UKCS | United Kingdom Continental Shelf |
| ULCC | Ultra Large Crude Carrier | 320,000 to dwt 549,999 |
| USC | Unless Sooner Commenced |
| USC | Unless Used |
| UU | Unless Used |
| UU | Unless Used If Used Actual Time Used To Count |
| UUIUATUTC |
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| UUIWCTAUTC | Unless Used In Which Case Time Actually Used To Count. |
| V |
| VEG | VEGetable oil |
| VLCC | Very Large Crude Carrier | dwt 160,000 to 319,999 |
| VPD | Vessel Pays Dues |
| VSL | Vessel |
| W |
| WA | WAter |
| WC | West Coast |
| WCCON | Whether Custom Cleared Or Not |
| WCCON | Whether Customs Cleared Or Not |
| WIBON | Whether In Berth Or Not |
| WIFPON | Whether In Free Pratique or not |
| WIPON | Whether In Port Or Not |
| WITA | WIng TAnk |
| WLTOHC (distance) | Water Line-To-Hatch Coaming |
| WOG | Without Guarantee |
| Working Copy | (Copy of Charter Party – not being signed and may contain unchecked errors |
| WP | Weather Permitting |
| WPD | Weather Permitting Day |
| WRD | Wide Range Destillate |
| WRIC | Wire Rods in Coils |
| WWD | Weather Working Days |
| WWR | When, Where Ready |
| WWWW | Wibon Wccon Wifpon Wipon |
| X/C | ssheX / sshinC |
| X/X | ssheX / ssheX |
| Y |
| YAR | York Antwerp Rules |
| YC | Your Cable |
| ZUTC | Universal Time Coordinated || Prior to 1972, this time was called Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) but is now referred to as Coordinated Universal Time or Universal Time Coordinated (UTC). It is a coordinated time scale, maintained by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). It is also known as "Z time" or "Zulu Time". |
